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The Gandhi Sagar Dam is one of the four major dams built on India's Chambal River. The dam is located in the Mandsaur district of the state of Madhya Pradesh. It is a masonry gravity dam, standing high,〔 with a gross storage capacity of 7.322 billion cubic metres from a catchment area of . The dam's foundation stone was laid by Prime Minister of India Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru on 7 March 1954,〔 and construction of the main dam was completed in 1960. Additional dam structures were completed downstream in the 1970s. The dam sports a 115-MW hydroelectric power station at its toe, with five 23-MW generating units each providing a total energy generation of about 564 GWh. The water released after power generation is utilised for the irrigation of by the Kota Barrage, which is located downstream of the dam, near the city of Kota in the state of Rajasthan. The dam's reservoir area is the second-largest in India (after the Hirakud Reservoir), and attracts a large number of migratory and non-migratory birds throughout the year. The International Bird Life Agency (IBA) has qualified the reservoir under "A4iii" criteria, as the congregation of waterbirds is reported to exceed 20,000 at some points. ==Geography== The Chambal River (known in ancient times as the Chamranyavati River) raises in the Vindhya Range at an elevation of , west-southwest of the town of Mhow, near Indore. It flows north-northeast through Madhya Pradesh, runs for a time through Rajasthan, then forms the boundary between Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh before turning southeast to join the Yamuna River in the state of Uttar Pradesh. Its total length from its source to its confluence with the Yamuna River is . The Chambal and its tributaries drain the Malwa region of northwestern Madhya Pradesh, while its tributary, the Banas, which rises in the Aravalli Range, drains southeastern Rajasthan. At its confluence with the Yamuna, the Chambal joins four other rivers – the Yamuna, Kwari, Sind, and Pahuj – at Pachnada near Bhareh in Uttar Pradesh, at the border of the Bhind and Etawah districts. The river is drained by a rain-fed catchment area with an average annual rainfall of , a temperature range of between and , and a relative humidity ranging from 30% to 90%.〔 Between and from the Chambal's source is an area of deep gorges; the Gandhi Sagar Dam is located in the middle reach of this gorge section. The dam is situated at a distance of from the district administrative headquarters of Mandsaur.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Gandhi Sagar Dam」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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